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Elizabeth Mine, South Strafford, Strafford, Orange County, Vermont, USAi
Regional Level Types
Elizabeth MineMine (Inactive)
South Strafford- not defined -
Strafford- not defined -
Orange CountyCounty
VermontState
USACountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
43° 49' 24'' North , 72° 19' 56'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
43.82361,-72.33250
GeoHash:
G#: dru961c54
GRN:
N30W38
Type:
Mine (Inactive) - last checked 2021
Deposit first discovered:
1793
KΓΆppen climate type:
Dfb : Warm-summer humid continental climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Norwich878 (2017)12.2km
Hanover8,636 (2017)13.9km
Lyme1,788 (2017)14.2km
South Royalton694 (2017)15.1km
Wilder1,690 (2017)16.9km
Mindat Locality ID:
17253
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:17253:1
GUID (UUID V4):
a93c3c79-4104-477e-af36-dd12c0c4cb43


Copper Mine. On "Copperas Hill". First opened in 1793. Ore is pyrrhotite containing disseminated chalcopyrite. Mined for copper beginning in 1830. Closed in the Great Depression, re-opened then closed in 1958. In 1918 the mine produced 300,000 lbs. of copper and 35 oz. of silver. (Weed, 1920). Besshi-type massive sulfide deposit.

According to the Town of Strafford website: The discovery of copperas and copper ore at Strafford in the 1790s led to the creation of the Elizabeth Mine Company and the Vermont Mineral Company. During the last period of its operation the Elizabeth Mine was the largest in New England... President James Monroe’s 1817 visit to Strafford’s copperas works caused a sensation locally.

Chronology (Source: HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD, National Park Service, VT-35, undated, available at Library of Congress online (link below):

1793 - Metallic sulfide ore deposit discovered on Copperas Hill
1809 - Vermont Mineral Factory Company begins surface mining and copperas (iron sulfate) production
1817 - U.S. President James Monroe visits mine on goodwill tour 1830 Underground mining begins; Isaac Tyson, Jr. smelts first copper at Furnace Flat
1854 - Intermittent copper smelting at Furnace Flat through 1867
1882 - Copperas production ends; James Tyson names mine β€œElizabeth” after his wife; Tysons smelt copper at Sargent Brook to 1890
1898 - Tysons construct 1898 Adit; smelt copper on east side of Copperas Hill through 1902
1906 - Mine purchased by August Heckscher; new smelters installed but operate intermittently
1916 - First froth flotation ore milling at Elizabeth Mine 1925 American Metals Company briefly operates mine
1928 - National Copper Corporation and Frederick Foote briefly operate mine 1942 - Vermont Copper Company, Inc. organized, begins construction and reopens mine for World War II copper production
1943 - First copper concentrate shipped from Elizabeth Mine mill for smelting by Phelps Dodge Corporation at Laurel Hill, Long Island, New York
1948 - New adit and shaft dug to develop ore down to 975 foot level 1949 New crusher and equipment added for extra capacity; ore extraction begins from waste dumps, South Open Cut, and Ely Mine dumps 1950 Copper production reaches 7 million lb. 1952 Pyrrhotite extraction for sulfur for Brown Paper Company of Berlin, New Hampshire begins; Tailings Pile 2 started
1954 - Copper production exceeds 8.5 million lb.; Appalachian Sulphides, Inc. purchases Elizabeth Mine from Vermont Copper Company
1958 - Ore exhausted as mining progresses north of Ompompanoosuc River; Appalachian Sulphides closes Elizabeth Mine and shifts operations to historic Ore Knob, North Carolina copper mine

UPDATES:
2001 - EPA placed the site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in June
2003 - EPA begins cleanup of mine site, designated a Superfund site
2010 - $8 million stimulus grant jump-started cleanup efforts
2017 - A private developer installed a 4.9-megawatt solar array on the radiated tailings pile
2021 - EPA completes the site remediation

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


43 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
β“˜ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
β“˜ Aluminite ?
Formula: Al2(SO4)(OH)4 · 7H2O
β“˜ Alunogen
Formula: Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
β“˜ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
β“˜ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
β“˜ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
β“˜ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
β“˜ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
β“˜ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
β“˜ 'Chlorite Group'
β“˜ Cobaltite
Formula: CoAsS
β“˜ Cubanite
Formula: CuFe2S3
β“˜ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
β“˜ Dravite
Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
β“˜ Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
β“˜ Ferrihydrite
Formula: Fe3+10O14(OH)2
β“˜ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
β“˜ Galena
Formula: PbS
β“˜ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
β“˜ Goethite
Formula: Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜ Graphite
Formula: C
β“˜ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
β“˜ Halotrichite
Formula: FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
β“˜ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
β“˜ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
β“˜ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
β“˜ Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
β“˜ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
β“˜ Melanterite
Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
β“˜ Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
β“˜ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ Pickeringite
Formula: MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
β“˜ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
β“˜ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
β“˜ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
β“˜ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
β“˜ Rozenite
Formula: FeSO4 · 4H2O
β“˜ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
β“˜ Schwertmannite
Formula: Fe3+16(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
β“˜ Siderotil
Formula: FeSO4 · 5H2O
β“˜ Spessartine
Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
β“˜ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
β“˜ Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
β“˜ 'Tennantite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
β“˜ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
β“˜ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
β“˜ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
β“˜ Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
β“˜ Valleriite
Formula: (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
β“˜ Vesuvianite
Formula: Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
β“˜ Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
β“˜Graphite1.CB.05aC
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
β“˜Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
β“˜Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
β“˜Cubanite2.CB.55aCuFe2S3
β“˜Pyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
β“˜Galena2.CD.10PbS
β“˜Molybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
β“˜Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
β“˜Marcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
β“˜Arsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
β“˜Cobaltite2.EB.25CoAsS
β“˜Valleriite2.FD.30(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
β“˜'Tennantite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
β“˜'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
β“˜Goethite4.00.Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
β“˜Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
β“˜Rutile4.DB.05TiO2
β“˜Ferrihydrite4.FE.35Fe3+10O14(OH)2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
β“˜Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
β“˜Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
β“˜Jarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
β“˜Rozenite7.CB.15FeSO4 Β· 4H2O
β“˜Siderotil7.CB.20FeSO4 Β· 5H2O
β“˜Melanterite7.CB.35Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 Β· H2O
β“˜Alunogen7.CB.45Al2(SO4)3 Β· 17H2O
β“˜Halotrichite7.CB.85FeAl2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O
β“˜Pickeringite7.CB.85MgAl2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O
β“˜Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 Β· 2H2O
β“˜Aluminite ?7.DC.05Al2(SO4)(OH)4 Β· 7H2O
β“˜Schwertmannite7.DE.15Fe3+16(OH,SO4)12-13O16 Β· 10-12H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
β“˜Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
Group 9 - Silicates
β“˜Spessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
β“˜Kyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
β“˜Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
β“˜Epidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
β“˜Vesuvianite9.BG.35Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(β—»4)β—»[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
β“˜Dravite9.CK.05NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
β“˜Tremolite9.DE.10β—»Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
β“˜Actinolite9.DE.10β—»Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
β“˜Wollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
β“˜Talc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
β“˜Muscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜var. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜Phlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
β“˜'Tourmaline'-AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
β“˜'Chlorite Group'-
β“˜'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
β“˜'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
β“˜'Hornblende Root Name Group'-β—»Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
β“˜'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
β“˜'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
β“˜'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hβ“˜ AluminiteAl2(SO4)(OH)4 · 7H2O
Hβ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Hβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Hβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hβ“˜ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hβ“˜ FerrihydriteFe103+O14(OH)2
Hβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Hβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hβ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hβ“˜ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hβ“˜ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Hβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hβ“˜ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Hβ“˜ SiderotilFeSO4 · 5H2O
Hβ“˜ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Hβ“˜ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Hβ“˜ SchwertmanniteFe163+(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
Hβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Hβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
BBoron
Bβ“˜ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bβ“˜ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
CCarbon
Cβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ GraphiteC
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oβ“˜ AluminiteAl2(SO4)(OH)4 · 7H2O
Oβ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Oβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Oβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oβ“˜ FerrihydriteFe103+O14(OH)2
Oβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Oβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oβ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oβ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Oβ“˜ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oβ“˜ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oβ“˜ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Oβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Oβ“˜ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Oβ“˜ RutileTiO2
Oβ“˜ SiderotilFeSO4 · 5H2O
Oβ“˜ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oβ“˜ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Oβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oβ“˜ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Oβ“˜ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Oβ“˜ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Oβ“˜ SchwertmanniteFe163+(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
Oβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Oβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oβ“˜ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FFluorine
Fβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Fβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Fβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Naβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naβ“˜ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mgβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Mgβ“˜ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Mgβ“˜ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
AlAluminium
Alβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alβ“˜ AluminiteAl2(SO4)(OH)4 · 7H2O
Alβ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Alβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Alβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alβ“˜ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alβ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alβ“˜ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alβ“˜ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alβ“˜ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Alβ“˜ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Alβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Alβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Siβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siβ“˜ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siβ“˜ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Siβ“˜ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siβ“˜ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Siβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Siβ“˜ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Siβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Siβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siβ“˜ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
PPhosphorus
Pβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
Sβ“˜ AluminiteAl2(SO4)(OH)4 · 7H2O
Sβ“˜ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Sβ“˜ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sβ“˜ CobaltiteCoAsS
Sβ“˜ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Sβ“˜ GalenaPbS
Sβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sβ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sβ“˜ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sβ“˜ MarcasiteFeS2
Sβ“˜ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Sβ“˜ MolybdeniteMoS2
Sβ“˜ PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Sβ“˜ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sβ“˜ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Sβ“˜ SiderotilFeSO4 · 5H2O
Sβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
Sβ“˜ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Sβ“˜ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sβ“˜ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Sβ“˜ SchwertmanniteFe163+(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
ClChlorine
Clβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Clβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Clβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
Kβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kβ“˜ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Kβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caβ“˜ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Caβ“˜ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Caβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Caβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
Tiβ“˜ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Tiβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiβ“˜ RutileTiO2
Tiβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
MnManganese
Mnβ“˜ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
FeIron
Feβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feβ“˜ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feβ“˜ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Feβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feβ“˜ FerrihydriteFe103+O14(OH)2
Feβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Feβ“˜ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Feβ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Feβ“˜ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feβ“˜ MarcasiteFeS2
Feβ“˜ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Feβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Feβ“˜ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feβ“˜ RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Feβ“˜ SiderotilFeSO4 · 5H2O
Feβ“˜ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Feβ“˜ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Feβ“˜ SchwertmanniteFe163+(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
CoCobalt
Coβ“˜ CobaltiteCoAsS
CuCopper
Cuβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuβ“˜ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Cuβ“˜ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Cuβ“˜ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Cuβ“˜ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
ZnZinc
Znβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
Asβ“˜ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Asβ“˜ CobaltiteCoAsS
Asβ“˜ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
MoMolybdenum
Moβ“˜ MolybdeniteMoS2
SbAntimony
Sbβ“˜ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
PbLead
Pbβ“˜ GalenaPbS

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Mine
Wikidata ID:Q5363222

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

North America PlateTectonic Plate

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References

(n.d.)
archive.org (n.d.) https://archive.org/details/bub_gb__lArAAAAYAAJ/page/n627?q="strafford+copperas"
Howe, Henry M. (1890). Report on the Elizabeth Copper Mine of Strafford, Vermont (Baltimore, MD: Hoffman & Co.)
Weed, Walter H. (1903): Notes on the Copper Mines of Vermont (Contributions to Economic Geology; USGS Bulletin 225)
Weed, Walter H. (1911): Copper Deposits of the Appalachian States (USGS Bulletin 455).
Jacobs, E. C. (1916): Copper Mining in Vermont; in Report of the State Geologist on the Mineral Industries and Geology of Vermont, pp. 192-195.
Weed, Walter H. (1920): Mines Register, vol. 14, p. 1420.
McKinstry, Hugh Exton and Mikkola, Aimo K. (1954). The Elizabeth copper mine, Vermont; Economic Geology: 49: 1-30.
Nicolay & Stone (1967): Rocks & Minerals: A Guide For Collectors of the Eastern US.
Howard, P. F. (1969): The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine, Vermont. (Montpelier, VT: Dept. of Water Resources).
Rocks & Minerals (1996): 71: 330.
Hammarstrom, J. M., Meier, A. L., Jackson, J. C., Barden, R., Wormington, P. J., Wormington, J. D., & Seal II, R. R. (2000). Characterization of mine waste at the Elizabeth copper mine, Orange County, Vermont. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-564, 74 p.
United States Army Corps of Engineers (2001): Historical Context and Preliminary Resource Evaluation of the Elizabeth Mine, South Strafford, Orange County, Vermont. (Cambridge, MA: Arthur D. Little, Inc.)
newenglandtowns.org (n.d.) https://newenglandtowns.org/vermont/strafford
www.epa.gov (n.d.) https://www.epa.gov/superfund-redevelopment-initiative/superfund-sites-reuse-vermont
www.onlyinyourstate.com (n.d.) https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/vermont/copper-mine-vt/
www.straffordvt.org (n.d.) https://www.straffordvt.org/about-strafford-1
www.seacoastonline.com (n.d.) https://www.seacoastonline.com/article/20110103/NEWS/110109969
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