Phoenixville Mining District, Chester County, Pennsylvania, USAi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Phoenixville Mining District | Mining District |
| Chester County | County |
| Pennsylvania | State |
| USA | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
40° North , 75° West (est.)
Estimate based on other nearby localities or region boundaries.
Margin of Error:
~3km
Type:
KΓΆppen climate type:
Mindat Locality ID:
16508
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:16508:1
GUID (UUID V4):
d1743a8e-f2bf-40c7-a6d9-86be8446e161
A series of Pb-Ag mines straddling the borders of Schuylkill and Charlestown Townships, along Pickering Creek, approximately 2 miles SSW of Phoenixville. Reportedly first discovered in the late 1600's, mining in the district did not begin in earnest until around 1850. Mines include the Wheatley, Chester County, Brookdale, Charleston, Montgomery County, Phoenix and Napoleon Mines, including various named secondary workings, which were operated sporadically until 1920.
Note: sadly, many mineral specimens collected from this district, and especially those collected in the 19th century during the mines operation, have locality attributions listed as simply "Phoenixville". Although the Wheatley mine was the most prolific of these mines, and likely produced the majority of specimens now in collections (Charles Wheatley himself was a great mineral enthusiast, with a cabinet of over 6,000 specimens from his mines), Other mine sites, especially The Chester County Mine, were also quite prolific, and many specimens labled without specific mine site attibutions have since been inappropriately attributed to the more famous Wheatley mine. As such, most "Wheatley" specimens should be considered "district" specimens, unless otherwise noted as "definitively" eminating from the either the Wheatley mine (original 19th C. label) or its old dump site (original 20th C. label).
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities48 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.
Detailed Mineral List:
| β Anglesite Formula: PbSO4 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. References: |
| β Ankerite ? Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 Localities: Description: I. D. questioned by A. Montgomery, Min PA 1922-69, pg. 4, Montgomery's findings contested by A.V. Heyl, (USGS study 1984, XRD. ) |
| β Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 Localities: |
| β Aurichalcite Formula: (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| β Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 Localities: References: |
| β Baryte Formula: BaSO4 Localities: References: |
| β Bornite Formula: Cu5FeS4 |
| β Brochantite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 Localities: |
| β Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Localities: References: |
| β Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. |
| β Chalcanthite Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O Localities: |
| β Chalcocite Formula: Cu2S |
| β Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. |
| β Chalcopyrite var. Gold-bearing Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 with Au |
| β 'Chlorite Group' Localities: |
| β Chrysocolla Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| β Copper Formula: Cu Localities: References: |
| β Covellite Formula: CuS Localities: |
| β Cuprite Formula: Cu2O Localities: |
| β Descloizite Formula: PbZn(VO4)(OH) Localities: References: |
| β Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 Localities: |
| β Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite Formula: Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| β Enstatite Formula: Mg2Si2O6 |
| β Erythrite Formula: Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O Localities: |
| β Fluorite Formula: CaF2 Localities: References: |
| β Galena Formula: PbS Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. |
| β Galena var. Silver-bearing Galena Formula: PbS with Ag |
| β Gersdorffite Formula: NiAsS |
| β Goethite Formula: Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) Localities: References: |
| β Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 Localities: References: |
| β Hemimorphite Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O Localities: References: |
| β Hydrozincite Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 Localities: References: |
| β Leadhillite Formula: Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 Description: Occurs as plary hexagonal crystals |
| β 'Limonite' Localities: References: |
| β Linarite Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 Localities: |
| β Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 Localities: References: |
| β Mendipite Formula: Pb3Cl2O2 |
| β Microcline Formula: K(AlSi3O8) |
| β Mimetite Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl Localities: References: |
| β Mottramite Formula: PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| β Orthoclase Formula: K(AlSi3O8) |
| β Palygorskite Formula: ◻Al2Mg2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O |
| β Pseudomalachite Formula: Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 Localities: References: |
| β Pyrite Formula: FeS2 Localities: References: |
| β Pyromorphite Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region. Habit: Hexigonal Prisms, cavernous barrel shaped with sheath termination, botryoidal globular or reniform masses Colour: Light yellowish green, brilliant green, to dark olive green with resinous luster Fluorescence: none Description: It occurs in beautiful groups of various shades of green at the Wheatley mines, crystals of considerable size, some to half an inch in diameter have been recovered. Large quantites of the Pyromorphite had been smelted durring the opperaton of the Mines. These mines have been closed for many Years now, Yet the dumps are still regulary sifted through by collectors, and ocasionally reasonably good specimens are still to be found, especially for Micromounts.
see: http://www.mindat.org/photo-180503.html References: |
| β Quartz Formula: SiO2 Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region. |
| β Silver Formula: Ag Localities: References: |
| β Smithsonite Formula: ZnCO3 Localities: |
| β Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. References: |
| β Sulphur Formula: S8 Localities: |
| β Vanadinite Formula: Pb5(VO4)3Cl Localities: References: |
| β Wheatleyite (TL) Formula: Na2Cu(C2O4)2 · 2H2O Localities: |
| β Wulfenite Formula: Pb(MoO4) Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. References: |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| β | Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| β | Silver | 1.AA.05 | Ag |
| β | Sulphur | 1.CC.05 | S8 |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| β | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| β | Bornite | 2.BA.15 | Cu5FeS4 |
| β | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| β | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| β | Chalcopyrite var. Gold-bearing Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 with Au |
| β | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 | |
| β | Galena var. Silver-bearing Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS with Ag |
| β | 2.CD.10 | PbS | |
| β | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| β | Gersdorffite | 2.EB.25 | NiAsS |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| β | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| β | Mendipite | 3.DC.70 | Pb3Cl2O2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| β | Goethite | 4.00. | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| β | Cuprite | 4.AA.10 | Cu2O |
| β | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| β | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| β | Smithsonite | 5.AB.05 | ZnCO3 |
| β | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| β | Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| β | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 | |
| β | Ankerite ? | 5.AB.10 | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| β | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| β | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| β | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| β | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| β | Hydrozincite | 5.BA.15 | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| β | Aurichalcite | 5.BA.15 | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| β | Leadhillite | 5.BF.40 | Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| β | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| β | Anglesite | 7.AD.35 | PbSO4 |
| β | Brochantite | 7.BB.25 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| β | Linarite | 7.BC.65 | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| β | Chalcanthite | 7.CB.20 | CuSO4 Β· 5H2O |
| β | Wulfenite | 7.GA.05 | Pb(MoO4) |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| β | Pseudomalachite | 8.BD.05 | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| β | Descloizite | 8.BH.40 | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| β | Mottramite | 8.BH.40 | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| β | Pyromorphite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| β | Vanadinite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| β | Mimetite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| β | Erythrite | 8.CE.40 | Co3(AsO4)2 Β· 8H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| β | Hemimorphite | 9.BD.10 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 Β· H2O |
| β | Enstatite | 9.DA.05 | Mg2Si2O6 |
| β | Chrysocolla | 9.ED.20 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 Β· nH2O, x < 1 |
| β | Palygorskite | 9.EE.20 | β»Al2Mg2β»2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 Β· 4H2O |
| β | Orthoclase | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| β | Microcline | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Group 10 - Organic Compounds | |||
| β | Wheatleyite (TL) | 10.AB.30 | Na2Cu(C2O4)2 Β· 2H2O |
| Unclassified | |||
| β | 'Limonite' | - | |
| β | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | β Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | β Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| H | β Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| H | β Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| H | β Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| H | β Erythrite | Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | β Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | β Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | β Leadhillite | Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 |
| H | β Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| H | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | β Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| H | β Palygorskite | ◻Al2Mg2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O |
| H | β Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| H | β Wheatleyite | Na2Cu(C2O4)2 · 2H2O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | β Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| C | β Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | β Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | β Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | β Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | β Leadhillite | Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 |
| C | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | β Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| C | β Wheatleyite | Na2Cu(C2O4)2 · 2H2O |
| C | β Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | β Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| O | β Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| O | β Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | β Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | β Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | β Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| O | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | β Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| O | β Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| O | β Cuprite | Cu2O |
| O | β Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| O | β Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | β Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| O | β Erythrite | Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | β Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | β Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | β Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | β Leadhillite | Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 |
| O | β Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| O | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | β Mendipite | Pb3Cl2O2 |
| O | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | β Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| O | β Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| O | β Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | β Palygorskite | ◻Al2Mg2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O |
| O | β Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| O | β Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| O | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | β Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | β Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| O | β Wheatleyite | Na2Cu(C2O4)2 · 2H2O |
| O | β Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| O | β Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | β Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | β Wheatleyite | Na2Cu(C2O4)2 · 2H2O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | β Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Mg | β Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Mg | β Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Mg | β Palygorskite | ◻Al2Mg2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O |
| Mg | β Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | β Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Al | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | β Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | β Palygorskite | ◻Al2Mg2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | β Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Si | β Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Si | β Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Si | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | β Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | β Palygorskite | ◻Al2Mg2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 4H2O |
| Si | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | β Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| P | β Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | β Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| S | β Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | β Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| S | β Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| S | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | β Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| S | β Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | β Covellite | CuS |
| S | β Galena | PbS |
| S | β Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
| S | β Leadhillite | Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 |
| S | β Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| S | β Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | β Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | β Sulphur | S8 |
| S | β Galena var. Silver-bearing Galena | PbS with Ag |
| S | β Chalcopyrite var. Gold-bearing Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 with Au |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | β Mendipite | Pb3Cl2O2 |
| Cl | β Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Cl | β Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Cl | β Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | β Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | β Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Ca | β Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | β Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | β Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | β Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| V | Vanadium | |
| V | β Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| V | β Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| V | β Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | β Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Fe | β Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Fe | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | β Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | β Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | β Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite | Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 |
| Fe | β Chalcopyrite var. Gold-bearing Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 with Au |
| Co | Cobalt | |
| Co | β Erythrite | Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | β Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | β Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Cu | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | β Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Cu | β Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Cu | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | β Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| Cu | β Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | β Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Cu | β Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | β Cuprite | Cu2O |
| Cu | β Copper | Cu |
| Cu | β Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Cu | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | β Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| Cu | β Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| Cu | β Wheatleyite | Na2Cu(C2O4)2 · 2H2O |
| Cu | β Chalcopyrite var. Gold-bearing Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 with Au |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | β Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | β Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| Zn | β Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Zn | β Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | β Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| Zn | β Sphalerite | ZnS |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | β Erythrite | Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| As | β Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
| As | β Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | β Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | β Silver | Ag |
| Ag | β Galena var. Silver-bearing Galena | PbS with Ag |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | β Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | β Chalcopyrite var. Gold-bearing Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 with Au |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | β Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| Pb | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | β Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| Pb | β Galena | PbS |
| Pb | β Leadhillite | Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Pb | β Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Pb | β Mendipite | Pb3Cl2O2 |
| Pb | β Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Pb | β Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| Pb | β Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Pb | β Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| Pb | β Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Pb | β Galena var. Silver-bearing Galena | PbS with Ag |
Localities in this Region
- Pennsylvania
- Chester County
- Charlestown Township
- Schuylkill Township
- Chester County
- Pennsylvania
- Chester County
Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect
North America PlateTectonic Plate
- Laurentides DomainDomain
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References
Southwest Chester County Mine, Schuylkill Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania, USA